What is a frost free hydrant?

A common maintenance tip we hear every autumn is to remove your garden hose from the outside faucet.  But what if you have a “frost free” hydrant?

A frost free hydrant has a long stem behind the handle extending back between 8″-12″ with a set of washers at the end.  When you turn the hydrant on, it allows water to flow out of the hydrant.  When it is shut off, the water is stopped at the back of the faucet, 8″-12″ inside the house.   This is the reason that the water will continue to flow out of the hydrant for a little bit after it is turned off; it is draining out of the tube between the shut-off point inside the house, and the spout outside.  Since the water drains out of the faucet when it is shut off, the faucet is called frost free.  When it is working properly, all the water to this hydrant is 8″-12″ away from the exterior of the house.

When a hose is left on a frost free hydrant, it traps the water in the faucet.  If the trapped water is exposed to freezing temperatures, the expansion of the freezing water will cause the hydrant to burst.  Most times these leaks are not discovered until spring when you turn the hydrant on for the first time.  Usually, the hydrant only leaks when it is turned on, since the split is usually in the 8″-12″ tube.

So the answer is yes, even a frost free hydrant needs to have the hose removed before freezing temperatures arrive in autumn.

Heat Pumps

What is a heat pump?

Many customers have been curious as to what exactly a heat pump is and what it they do.  A heat pump  really is no different from a regular central air conditioning system, however it has the ability to heat your home during the winter.  Because a heat pump can both heat and cool your home, it is  very economical and efficient home comfort system.

How does a heat pump work?

Questions as to how the heat pump actually works often come up as well with customers.  A heat pump works very similar to a refrigerator.  You can feel unwanted warm air being blown out of your fridge’s exhaust fan.  A heat pump works just the same by pulling heat that is outside and then heating your home with it.  The process is then reversed when you need your heat pump to cool your home.  The heat pump will then pull warm air out of your home and send it outside to make your home cool down.  The ability to both cool and heat your home makes the heat pump very economical.  A refrigerant liquid circulates from the outdoor to the indoor units.  This liquid absorbs and releases heat while circulated from the indoor to the outdoor unit.

How long does a sump pump last?

In Central Ohio, sump pumps are a necessity.  Unfortunately, we don’t often think about our sump pump until it fails, or can’t keep up to the demand.

We are often asked how long a sump pump should last.  This is a question with no good answer.  Each application is different.  The longevity of a sump pump is most dependent on how often the pump turns on and off.  The most common failure of a sump pump is in the switch.  Occasionally, the motor of the pump will fail, but usually the failure is in the switch.

There are several different types of switches available on sump pumps.  We use a vertical float switch on our sump pumps.  This is a float that slides up and down on a rod, turning the pump on when the float reaches the trigger point.  We have had very good success with this type of switch.

Another type of switch is just a mechanical type float switch without the vertical rod to guide it.  We have found this type of float prone to catching the side of the sump pit, or get stuck in various other ways, causing the pump to run continually.

A third type of switch is a fixed diaphragm switch.  This switch is activated by water pressure. When the water rises in the pit, it exerts a certain amount of pressure, causing the switch to turn the pump on.  As the water is pumped out, the pressure is relieved turning the pump off.  We have had a higher rate of failure with this type of switch.

Usually a non-working sump pump is first discovered along with a flooded basement.  It is a good idea to regularly check your sump pump to make sure it is in working order.  You may also want to consider an alarm or a battery backup system, especially if you have a finished basement.  Hanging out in your man cave wearing wading boots is no fun.

Should my air conditioner be serviced?

Every spring we are asked this question, “Do I need to have my air conditioner serviced?”

There are several reasons why it is a good idea to have the air conditioner serviced regularly.  When your system is not operating at peak efficiency, it will cost you more money to operate.  For instance, if the system is low in refrigerant, it will run longer, trying to cool the house.  Another drain on the system is if the outdoor unit is dirty or clogged.  Of course, a dirty filter is the first item to check for on any system.  A certified technician can do complete check-up on the entire system to make sure the system is operating at peak efficiency.  The last thing anyone wants to do, is spend extra money on utility costs.

Is my gas line dangerous?

Recently, there has been lots of press about gas lines, especially corrugated stainless steel tubing, or CSST.  CSST is a flexible stainless steel tubing that is used in may residential gas line installations.  The questions of safety are raised due to some homes who have been struck by lightning, and the ensuing fire was blamed on improper installation of the gas line.

CSST is an approved material for gas line.  It is very critical that it is installed properly.  When CSST gas line is installed, it is required that the line is grounded or bonded.  This is typically done by an electrician.

If you are unsure whether you have CSST in your home, there are some things to look for. First of all, it is a flexible tubing.  It is often yellow in color.

To confirm that your gas line is bonded, look for a bonding clamp attached to the gas line with a copper grounding wire running back to the electrical panel.  If you cannot find any sign of the line being bonded, call your electrician to have the job done correctly.  More information can be found at http://www.csstsafety.com/Images/CSST-Direct-Bonding-Tech-Bulletin.pdf

Does my new furnace and air conditioner qualify for a tax credit?

This is the time of year that we are often asked about tax credits.  The government has scaled back the last couple of years in some areas of the energy efficiency tax credits.  Some of the items that qualify for federal tax credits in 2011 and 2012 are:

• Advanced main air circulating fan, such as a variable speed blower on a furnace: $50
• Natural gas, propane, or oil furnace or hot water boiler with an annual fuel utilization rate of 95 or greater: $150
• Electric heat pump which achieves the highest efficiency tier established by the Consortium for Energy Efficiency: $300
• Central air conditioner which achieves the highest efficiency tier established by the Consortium for Energy Efficiency: $300

Also, Geothermal systems qualify 30% unlimited (no cap) tax credit, valid through 2016.

In addition to these tax credits, many local utility companies offer rebates.

Of course, always confirm that your exact model qualifies for these programs, since this list is only a guide.

DIY Water Heater Installation

From water heater manufacturer Bradford White Corporation…

When it’s time for a new water heater, calling a professional may be the smartest thing you could ever do. Here, then, are 30 reasons why we believe every consumer should hire a professional to install a new water heater.

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1. WE BELIEVE IN THE BEST FOR YOU
We’re Bradford White, one of America’s largest and oldest water heater manufacturers. We believe we know water heaters and their potential as well as anyone. We know how well water heaters can work and how safe they can be when properly installed. We also know the downfall and dangers of bad installations. That’s why we believe water heaters should be installed only by professionals.

2. THE RULES HAVE CHANGED
As of July 1, 2003 all conventional 30, 40 and 50 gallon residential gas-fired water heaters must comply with new, stringent standards regarding Flammable Vapor Ignition Resistance. Bradford White has created the Defender Safety System™, a cutting edge technology that fully complies with the new standard. Your professional installer knows that he can count on Bradford White to meet these requirements now and in the future.

3. A GROWING FAMILY NEEDS MORE HOT WATER
When your family grows or when you add a large tub, a shower or even an entire bathroom, your demand for hot water increases. A professional can help you with access to models specifically built for these types of changes.

4. THE SAFEST WATER HEATERS ARE INSTALLED BY PROFESSIONALS
The Bradford White Defender Safety System is only available to professional installers – people whose knowledge, skill and experience ensure that the right water heater, and one designed to be very safe when installed correctly. The peace of mind you realize by having a plumber install your water heater is a priceless commodity you can get at a reasonable price.

5. A PROFESSIONAL STANDS BEHIND HIS WORK
When you hire a professional to do the installation, he’s there to back up his work and to shoulder the responsibility that comes with the job.

6. TROUBLESHOOTING IS FOR THE PROFESSIONAL
If you’re not familiar with what causes that rattling noise, that sulfur smell or that sudden reduction in available hot water, it’s best to do the right thing first. Call a professional.

7. ONE CALL DOES IT ALL
When you call a professional to install your new water heater, you’ll get a complete and efficient job well done. The professional will answer all your questions and use all the right materials.

8. A PROFESSIONAL DOES A FULL SERVICE JOB
When you hire a professional, you’ll get delivery and careful handling of your new water heater, proper installation and removal of the old water heater from your home.

9. YOUR CHOICES AND OPTIONS ARE VARIED
A professional can show you water heaters with improved features and higher operating efficiencies and tell you how they may negate
the need for a large capacity model.

10. AVOID INSTALLATION MISHAPS
Installing a water heater can be a challenge. An inexperienced installer could inadvertently dry-fire the elements, damage delicate parts, crossthread gas connections or forget to elevate the water heater or use earthquake strapping where necessary.

11. A PROFESSIONAL UNDERSTANDS PROPER SIZING
Part of the professional’s job is to properly size the water heater. That includes calculating the demands from multiple bathrooms, dishwashers, clothes washers and any other points-of-use.

12. A PROFESSIONAL UNDERSTANDS THE IMPORTANCE OF PROPER VENTING
It is critical to vent the unit to the manufacturer’s specifications. Improper vent size, total length or configuration can lead to a dangerous build-up of carbon monoxide inside the home.

13. INSTALLING THE PROPER T&P VALVE
The temperature and pressure relief valve opens to relieve pressure. Improper installation or the choice of an inadequate valve can cause damage to the water heater or a hazardous pressure build-up.

14. WORKING SAFELY WITH A GAS FUEL SOURCE
Oil and Gas-fired water heaters require knowledge of the gas or oil fuel source and an understanding of gas connections supply lines and start up. A professional has this experience and knowledge.

15. USING THE CORRECT MATERIALS
The choice of material types and sizes for venting, water inlet and outlet pipes and electric feed lines is best left to a professional.

16. THE JOB IS DONE RIGHT THE FIRST TIME
When you have a professional install your new water heater, you get the most for your money as well as the satisfaction of knowing the job was completed with expertise and experience you can trust.

17. A PROFESSIONAL WILL HELP YOU AVOID SCALDING
Water heaters are factory-set at a certain temperature for your safety. Your professional will explain the settings and the dangers of improper use of the water heater’s thermostat.

18. A SIMPLE WATER HEATER…ISN’T
With new industry-wide design changes like the Defender Safety System™, today’s water heaters are more complicated than ever. Proper installation and service require that water heater manufacturers provide training and education. This valuable knowledge is only available to a professional installer.

19. PROPER DRAINAGE IS A MUST
After several years of good service, a water heater could leak or expel water due to pressure build-up. This could cause damage to floor coverings and other items. A professional will install a drain pan and pipe it properly to a drain.

20. GETTING THE RIGHT GAS WATER HEATER FOR YOUR HOME
Gas valves are designed to handle a specific type of fuel. Some gas-fired water heaters are designed for certain types of homes. Making the wrong choice can be a serious hazard.

21. KNOWLEDGE OF ELECTRICITY AND ITS USES
Installation of electric water heaters requires knowledge of the properly rated wiring material as well as knowledge of the home’s electrical capacity. An adequate electrical service is a requirement.

22. A PROFESSIONAL UNDERSTANDS THERMAL EXPANSION
Do you have an open or closed water system? Closed systems are subject to thermal expansion and pressure build-up. Open systems can become closed when check valves, water softeners or water
meters are added. A professional will add an expansion tank to avoid
problems.

23. PRESSURE BUILD-UP IS A SERIOUS MATTER
Even if your water heater tank doesn’t rupture from thermal expansion, pressure inside the tank can cause a constriction of the flue tube. This, in turn, can cause a back up of combustion gases and carbon monoxide inside the home.

24. MULTI-PURPOSE WATER HEATERS MAY BE THE ANSWER
Dual-purpose models can be used for space heating and snow melting when properly connected to a hydronic piping system. A professional knows where to find these special models.

25. MANY SPECIAL WATER HEATERS AREN’T SOLD TO CONSUMERS
As with Bradford White’s Defender Safety System™, some water heaters cannot be purchased by the public. There are literally thousands of models with important variations and safety features that you’ll never know about unless you call a professional.

26. IT MAY BE TIME FOR A TRADE-IN
Even if your water heater is functioning adequately, maybe you’re not getting as much hot water as you need. It may be time to upgrade. It’s tough for a retailer or non-professional to advise you. A professional can give you guidance and explain your options.

27. GETTING A PROPER DIAGNOSIS OF THE PROBLEM
If your water heater looks fine but it just won’t make hot water, a professional can diagnose what may be a simple problem. You may just need an inexpensive replacement part.

28. A PROFESSIONAL HAS THE EDUCATION AND EXPERIENCE IT TAKES
A professional has taken years to hone his craft. Installing water heaters is one of the things he does for a living. When a plumber comes into your home, he knows exactly what to do.

29. A PROFESSIONAL IS ON TOP OF NEW TECHNOLOGY
Because professionals often attend trade association meetings, events sponsored by water heater manufacturers and also subscribe to trade magazines, he or she is the first to know when more efficient models or technology changes are available.

30. LAWS GOVERNING INSTALLATION
In many parts of the country, state agencies and local municipalities have laws and codes governing the installation of water heaters. These laws state that a water heater must be installed by a licensed professional.